Currently I’m playing with some products from the Microsoft System Center 2012 Suite in my Home Lab. I’m Starting the whole installation by installing a new Virtual Machine with Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (Standard Edition).

I used a dedicated VM that will be used to host the database of Configuration Manager 2012 and Orchestrator 2012 (at least.. for now)

1. The Microsoft website contains both a list of the available editions, as well as the trial downloads. If you just search for your question almost verbatim in google, the top two links answer your question.
2. Downloading SQL Server 2012 Developer Edition As of today (28-Jul-2017) Microsoft is allowing Visual Studio Dev Essentials subscription holders to download Developer editions of SQL server 2014 and 2016. For downloading SQL Server 2012 Developer edition, you need to have at least the subscription level of MSDN Platforms.

Resources

Installation

Get started with Microsoft SQL Server downloads. Choose a SQL Server trial, edition, tool, or connector that best meets your data and workload needs. Step 2: Download Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 Express by clicking the appropriate link below. Note: Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 Express includes both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. Sql Server 2012 free download - Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Express (32-bit), Windows Live Essentials 2012, Toad for SQL Server Freeware, and many more programs. SQL script to report version, edition, and servicing level: The Microsoft OneScript team has released a script to run in SQL Server Management Studio that can be used to determine the following: For more information about this script, see Determining the version and edition of SQL Server and its components in TechNet Gallery.

1 - After launching the SQL 2012 Server Installation, you should first run the System Configuration Checker. This small tool will check if you have every requirements to install SQL Server.

2 - The System Configuration Checker.As you can see, the Setup support Rules identify problems that might occur when you install SQL Server Setup support files. Failures must be corrected before Setup can continue.3 - Select Installation on the left navigation pane and select New SQL Server stand-alone installation or add features to an existing installation

4 - Enter your Product key or select Specify a Free Edition if you just want to and evaluation version.

5 - Read and Accept the License terms.Optionally you can check the 'Send feature usage data to Microsoft....'6 - Leave the 'Include SQL Server product updates' checked and click on Next.7 - On the Setup Support Rules, you can see that my firewall generate a warning.I'll open the firewall later on. Click Next to continue

When you click on the Windows Firewall rule Warning Link, you'll see the information above

8 - Select the standard Features to install, here I just need:* Database Engine Services* Reporting Services - Native* Management Tools - Basic* Management Tools - Complete9 - Installation Rules - the Setup is running rules to determine if the installation process will be blocked.10 - Specify the name and instance ID of the SQL Server Instance. By default: MSSQLSERVER. I continue with this setting and click Next.11 - Review the disk space required for SQL Server and click Next. If you need to change the location of the database, click back and specify another folder/drive.12 - Specify the service accounts and collation configuration, here I set NT AUTHORITYSystem for:* SQL Server Agent* SQL Server Database Engine* SQL Server Reporting Services

Before

After

13 - Make sure the Database Engine is set to SQL_Latin1_general_CP1_CI_AS. If it's not the case, click on Customize, tick SQL Collation, used backwards compatibility, and select the good one in the list.14 - In the next screen 'Database Engine Configuration', specify the authentication mode and the administrators for the Database Engine. I added those:* The Current User (in my case the Domain Administrator account)* The Domain Admins Group* The Local Administrator Account15 - Specify the Reporting Services configuration mode.Here I Selected Install and Configure16 - Tick the 'Send Windows and SQL Server Error Reports to Microsoft ...'17 - The Setup is running rules to determine if the installation process will be blocked during the installation process.18 - Verify the SQL Server 2012 features to be installed and click on Install.Optionnaly you can check the ConfigurationFile.ini generated by the wizard. This can be reused for another installation.

ConfigurationFile.ini

ConfigurationFile.ini can be found under c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL Server110Setup BootstrapLog

19 - After a few minutes your Installation of SQL Server 2012 should be completed successfullyYou can check the logs under c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL Server110Setup BootstrapLog

Sql Server 2016 Developer Edition Download

20 - Finally you can launch

Download Sql Server Client

SQL Server 2012 Management Studio

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to verify that everything run as expected.